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Britannia Royal Naval College (BRNC), commonly known simply as Dartmouth, is the initial officer training establishment of the British Royal Navy, located on a hill overlooking Dartmouth, Devon, England. While Royal Naval officer training has taken place in Dartmouth since 1863, the buildings that are seen today were finished only in 1905, and previous students lived in two wooden hulks moored in the River Dart. Since 1998, BRNC has been the sole centre for Royal Naval officer training. ==History== The training of naval officers at Dartmouth dates from 1863 when the wooden hulk was moved from Portland and moored in the River Dart. In 1864, after an influx of new recruits, ''Britannia'' was supplemented by . Prior to this there had been a Royal Naval Academy (later Royal Naval College) at Portsmouth from 1733 to 1837. The original ''Britannia'' was replaced by the in 1869, which was renamed ''Britannia''.〔Lambert, Andrew ''Battleships in Transition, the Creation of the Steam Battlefleet 1815–1860'', pp. 122, 127–128.〕 The foundation stone for the new building was laid down by King Edward VII in March 1902. Sir Aston Webb designed the shore-based college at Dartmouth, which was built by Higgs and Hill〔('General introduction', Survey of London: volume 26: Lambeth: Southern area (1956), pp. 1–17. ) Date accessed: 27 March 2010.〕 and practically completed in 1905.〔Lord Tweedmouth, ''First Lord's Statement explanatory of Navy Estimates, 1906-7'', 26 February 1906, reproduced in ''The Naval Annual 1906'', p. 370.〕 The first term of cadets entered at the R.N. College Osborne were transferred to Dartmouth in September 1905.〔 The college was originally known as the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, and as a Royal Naval shore establishment was later additionally known by the ship name HMS ''Britannia'' (there was a battleship called from 1904 to 1918). The college received its present name (ship name: HMS ''Dartmouth'') in 1953, when the name ''Britannia'' was given to the newly launched royal yacht . The training ship moored in the River Dart at Sandquay, currently the former ''Sandown'' class minehunter , continues to bear the name ''Hindostan''. Cadets originally joined the Royal Naval College, Osborne, at the age of 13 for two years before joining Dartmouth, and spent four years there before starting sea training at 17. RNC Osborne closed in 1923, and the entry age was changed to 16 in 1948, and to 17 and 6 months in 1955. Until 1941, Dartmouth was in effect a specialised boarding school, with parents paying fees for tuition and board. During the Second World War students and staff moved activities to Eaton Hall in Cheshire until the autumn of 1946 after six Focke-Wulf aircraft bombed the College in September 1942. Two bombs penetrated the College's main block, causing damage to the quarterdeck and surrounding rooms.〔Jane Harrold and Richard Porter, Dartmouth : Richard Webb, 2005, ISBN 978-0-9536361-3-6.〕〔Article by Jane Harrold and Richard Porter in ''The Britannia Magazine 2004'', Crest Publications, pp. 6–7.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Britannia Royal Naval College」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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